proxy server

In computer networks, a proxy server is a server that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. A client connects to the proxy server, requesting some service, such as a file, connection, web page, or other resource, available from a different server. The proxy server evaluates the request according to its filtering rules. For example, it may filter traffic by IP address or protocol. If the request is validated by the filter, the proxy provides the resource by connecting to the relevant server and requesting the service on behalf of the client. A proxy server may optionally alter the client's request or the server's response, and sometimes it may serve the request without contacting the specified server. In this case, it 'caches' responses from the remote server, and returns subsequent requests for the same content directly.

A proxy server has many potential purposes, including-

• To keep machines behind it anonymous (mainly for security).
• To speed up access to resources (using caching). Web proxies are commonly used to cache web pages from a web server.
• To apply access policy to network services or content, e.g. to block undesired sites.
• To log / audit usage, i.e. to provide company employee Internet usage reporting.
• To bypass security/ parental controls.
• To scan transmitted content for malware before delivery.
• To scan outbound content, e.g., for data leak protection.
• To circumvent regional restrictions.

A proxy server that passes requests and replies unmodified is usually called a gateway or sometimes tunneling proxy. A proxy server can be placed in the user's local computer or at various points between the user and the destination servers on the Internet.

A reverse proxy is (usually) an Internet-facing proxy used as a front-end to control and protect access to a server on a private network, commonly also performing tasks such as load-balancing, authentication, decryption or caching.

What is a web server

A Web server is a software program which serves web pages to web users (browsers).

A web server delivers requested web pages to users who enter the URL in a web browser. Every computer on the Internet that contains a web site must have a web server program.The computer in which a web server program runs is also usually called a "web server". So, the term "web server" is used to represent both the server program and the computer in which the server program runs.

The basic characteristics of web servers are-

• It is always connected to the internet so that clients can access the web pages hosted by the web server.
• It has an application called 'web server' running always.

In short, a 'web server' is a computer which is connected to the internet/intranet and has a software called 'web server'. The web server program will be always running in the computer. When any user try to access a website hosted by the web server, it is actually the web server program which delivers the web page which client asks for. All web sites in the internet are hosted in some web servers sitting in different parts of the world.